Acute Negative Affect Relief from Smoking Depends on the Affect Situation and Measure but Not on Nicotine
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چکیده
منابع مشابه
Acute stress does not affect the impairing effect of chronic stress on memory retrieval
Objective(s): Due to the prevalence and pervasiveness of stress in modern life and exposure to both chronic and acute stresses, it is not clear whether prior exposure to chronic stress can influence the impairing effects of acute stress on memory retrieval. This issue was tested in this study. Materials and Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: control,...
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Although adolescent cigarette smoking remains a critical public health concern, little is known about the reinforcing mechanisms governing smoking in this vulnerable population. To assess predictions derived from both positive and negative reinforcement models of drug use, the authors measured the acute effects of nicotine, as administered via tobacco cigarettes, on both positive and negative a...
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In the present study, the authors tested the hypothesis that nicotine would provide greater relief from negative affect for more impulsive smokers than for less impulsive smokers. Euthymic adult smokers (N=70) participated in 2 laboratory sessions, during which they underwent a negative mood induction (music + autobiographical memory), then smoked either a nicotinized or de-nicotinized cigarett...
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Prior work indicates that exposure to fear-inducing shock inhibits finger-withdrawal to radiant heat in humans (hypoalgesia), whereas anxiety induced by threat of shock enhances reactivity (hyperalgesia; Pain 84 (2000) 65-75). Although finger-withdrawal latencies are thought to reflect changes in pain sensitivity, additional measures of pain are needed to determine whether pain perception is al...
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Objective: The present study aims to investigate the effect of emotions (negative and positive affects) and gender on the activity of different brain regions and their relationship with personality traits of extraversion, introversion, neuroticism, and stability. Methods: The study participants were 33 right-handed volunteer undergraduate students (17 males and 16 females). Our stimuli were tw...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Biological Psychiatry
سال: 2010
ISSN: 0006-3223
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.12.017